The museum was inaugurated in November 1997. It covers an area of 3ha on Nguyễn Văn Huyên Street, in Cầu Giấy district. It has two parts: indoor and outdoor. The former has got an exhibition section, a research sections, a great hall, etc. The latter will be completed soon.
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| Vietnam Museum Of Ethnology |
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| Vietnam Museum Of Ethnology |
In the exhibit section, most of the space is reserved for regular exhibitions and the rest for temporary displays on certain themes. At the moment, the regular exhibit section is divided into nine major areas.
The 1st area: General introduction
The first theme is “Việt Nam: periods of history and culture”. This area gives visitors information about Vietnamese history, the integration of ethnicities and civilizations into the entity of Việt Nam.
There is a large colored map showing the distribution of the ethnicities in Việt Nam by geographical location and language family. Three cross sections in the worth, the center and the south are also shown to describe the altitude of the residential areas of each ethnic.
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| Vietnam Museum Of Ethnology |
The 2nd area: The Việt (Kinh)
There are 11 showcases representing the traditional culture of the Việt with such subjects as water puppetry; musical instruments, the cult of Holy Mother; popular toys for children some typical handicrafts including bronze casting, wood carving, lacquer, Đông Hồ woodblock printing. Visitors can see several products and production tools of such crafts, The cult of ancestors is typical of Việt culture, in this area, one can see an ancestral altar in a peasant’s house.
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| Vietnam Museum Of Ethnology |
The 3rd area: The Mường, the Thổ and the Chứt.
This area represents the hunting and fruit picking activities of the Chút, the craft of ramie weaving of the Thổ, and hunting, cloth weaving, and daily life and musical instruments of the Mường.
One can also get to know a funeral of the Mường, which, to some extent, represents the latter’s perception of life, death and the universe.
The 4th area: Ethnic groups of the Tày-Thái and Ka-Đai language family.
Visitors can see the typical architecture of the Black Thai’s houses-on-stilts. In the showcases, there are objects representing the culture of the Tày, Thái, Nùng, Sán Chay, Cao Lan - Sán Chỉ, Giấy, Bố Y, Lự. There are showcases on hand writings, the Nùng’s handicrafts, the costumes of some Tày ethnicities such as the Thu Lao, Pa DÍ, etc.
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| Vietnam Museum Of Ethnology |
The 5th area: Ethnic groups of the Hmông-Dao and Tibeto-Burmese language families; the Sán Dìu and the Ngái.
There are two groups of showcases in this area. One is for the display of the objects related to the Hmông, the Dao and the Pà Then such as decorations made from bee wax. Wooden household utensils, festival costumes of the Hmông, etc. The other group of showcases is designed for the Sán Dìu, Ngái, Lô Lô, Hà Nhì, La Hủ, Phù Lá, Si La and Cống (women’s attire, hunting tools, daily life utensils and musical instruments).
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| Vietnam Museum Of Ethnology |
The 6th area: Ethnic groups of the Môn-Khmer language family in mountain area.
This area represents the culture of five ethnic groups in the North (Khơ Mú, Mảng, Kháng, Xinh Mun, and ơ Đu) and 15 others in the Trường Sơn Mountain range and the Central Highland (Bru, Vân Kiều, Tà Ôi, Cơ Tu, Hrê, Co, Gié-triêng, Xơ Đăng, Ba Na, Rơ Măm, Brâu, Mnông, Cơ Ho, Mạ, Xtiêng, and Chơ Ro).
These ethnic groups have many different traditions and customs but we can easily identify their common features. In this area, one can see the clothes of Khmer women; daily life tools of the Kháng, the Xinh Mun and the ơ Đu; gourd shells, tools made of tree bark, different kinds of baskets, weaving tools, musical instruments, etc.
The 7th area: Ethnic groups of the Austronesian language family in mountain areas.
There are four ethnicities in this group: Gia Ra, Ê đê, Raglai, and Chu Ru. They share many com-mon characteristics with those of the Môn-Khmer language family. However, they still keep the ocean life-style and follow the matriarchal system. Their material and spiritual life is shown through the stat-ues in tomb houses, grave-abandoning rituals, musical instruments, tools and utensils, etc.
The 8th area: The Chăm, Hoa and Khmer
The Chăm belong to the Austro-polynesian language family; the Hoa, to the Hán language family; and the Khmer, to the Austrasiatic language family. Each ethnicity is introduced on a separate panel. There is another panel showing the architecture of pagodas and towers, and of Hinayana Buddhism. Special aspects of life of these ethnicities are displayed. For the Chăm: their religions, weaving craft, pottery, transport with ox-drawn-carts; for the Hoa: their wedding ceremonies, unicorn dance; for the Khmer: their religions, script, cloth and silk dying, farming tools, etc. These ethnic groups, together with Việt people, play an important role in the development of the southern coastal of Central V iệt Nam and the South of Viet Nam.
The 9th area: Interrelation between ethnicities
All ethnicities have been and are witnessing changes in their cultures. Given the current trend of expanding relationships and boosting socioeconomic development among themselves, exchanges between cultures will be promoted. In this process, market plays an essential role among the influential factors. This area describes a market day in the Northern mountain region.
Hà Nội Past and Present Nguyen Vinh Phuc - The Gioi Publishers
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